This is a compound tense, so two verbs are required: the main verb and the past participle of whatever verb you're using. The past participle does not have to agree in gender or number with the subject. The formula is:
HABER + PAST PARTICIPLE OF VERB
Main verb: HABER |
Past Participle |
he |
hemos |
has |
habéis |
ha |
han |
|
|
Some examples:
- I have finished the work. = Yo he terminado el trabajo.
- She has read the book. = Ella ha leído el libro.
- We have ridden the horse. = Nosotros hemos montado el caballo.
Irregular past participles:
Some past participles are irregular in all the perfect tenses.
- For -er and -ir verbs, if the stem ends in a vowel, a written accent will be required.
- Some verbs are irregular in the past participle form, so these verbs are considered irregular in the perfect tense. Here are the most common irregular past participles:
ADD ACCENT |
Irregular |
creer |
creído |
leer |
leído |
oir |
oído |
traer |
traído |
|
abrir |
abierto |
cubrir |
cubierto |
decir |
dicho |
escribir |
escrito |
freír |
frito |
hacer |
hecho |
morir |
muerto |
poner |
puesto |
resolver |
resuelto |
romper |
roto |
ver |
visto |
volver |
vuelto |
|