| (to do something) in vain | avoir beau (faire) |
| Austria | l'Autriche |
| a Catholic | un(e) catholique |
| a Protestant | un(e) protestant(e) |
| a battle | une bataille |
| a general | un général |
| a massacre | un massacre |
| a monarchy | une monarchie |
| a place | un lieu |
| a reign | un règne |
| a revolution | une révolution |
| a tax | un impôt |
| business | des affaires |
| complicated | complexe |
| crafty, sly | rusé |
| disrupted | troublé(e) |
| hunting | la chasse |
| illuminated | illuminé(e) |
| in the provinces | en province |
| independence | l'independence |
| liberal | libéral(e) |
| marquis, marchioness | un(e) marquis(e) |
| religion | la religion |
| the people | le peuple |
| to assassinate | assassiner |
| to criticize | critiquer |
| to defend | défendre |
| to demolish | démolir |
| to guillotine | guillotiner |
| to last | durer |
| to maintain | maintenir |
| to negociate | négocier |
| to order | ordonner |
| to survive | survivre |
| to take place | avoir lieu |
| to transform | transformer |
| violence | la violence |
| wide | large |